The relationship between stressful life events and the onset of graves′ disease (gd) was initially documented by parry in 1825. There is data available on the high incidence of thyrotoxicosis among refugees from nazi prison camps. Psychological distress has been reported in up to 65% of younger patients with hyperthyroidism and physical stress in many older patients.
[ 14 ] the term ′kriegsbasedow′ was coined following the observation of increased incidence of gd during major wars. Many epidemiological studies have demonstrated that patients with gd had more stressful life events than control subjects prior to the onset or diagnosis of graves′ hyperthyroidism and that stress had an unfavorable effect on the prognosis of gd.
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It is well known that first depressive episodes often develop following the occurrence of a major negative life event ( paykel 2001 ). Furthermore, there is evidence that stressful life events are causal for the onset of depression (see hammen 2005 , kendler et al. 1999 ). A study of 13,006 patients in denmark, with first psychiatric admissions diagnosed with depression, found more recent divorces, unemployment, and suicides by relatives compared with age- and gender-matched controls ( kessing et al. 2003 ). The diagnosis of a major medical illness often has been considered a severe life stressor and often is accompanied by high rates of depression ( cassem 1995 ).
What are some strategies for stress relief?
Use your strengths and skills to make a positive plan to address the stressful events in your life and how you’re reacting to stress. Whether your stress is internal or external, relaxation techniques can help you manage stress and boost your ability to cope.
There are many different techniques, and it’s important you find the ones that work for you. Examples include slow breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, mindfulness , meditation , yoga , and exercise. Read more here on relaxation techniques for stress relief. A friend or family member can also be a great source of support, but at times you may feel you need help from a professional.
What are some ways to prevent stress?
The old saying ‘prevention is better than cure’ is certainly true for stress management. It will help if you: exercise regularly – regular exercise is a great way to manage stress. You should do some form of exercise that causes you to feel puffed afterwards – a leisurely stroll to the bus stop is not enough! have at least 20 minutes of exercise 3 times a week. Avoid conflict – avoid situations that make you feel stressed such as unnecessary arguments and conflict (although ignoring a problem is not always the best way to reduce stress). Assertiveness is fine but becoming distressed is not.
There are lots of ways to help anyone who is stressed. The first advice is to try and identify the cause of stress and tackle it. Avoiding the problem may make it worse. Often it isn’t possible to change a situation and prevent stress. But, there are many ways to help control it, and stress management may be effective in improving health. The nhs also has advice on different ways to beat stress, from exercise, to mindfulness and breathing exercises - all of which have been shown to help. Visit their site for more information. If you’re looking for direct advice or help, our support section includes links to organisations that can help.
This type of stress develops over a long period and is more harmful. Ongoing poverty, a dysfunctional family, or an unhappy marriage are examples of situations that can cause chronic stress. It occurs when a person can see no way to avoid their stressors and stops seeking solutions. A traumatic experience early in life may also contribute to chronic stress. Chronic stress makes it difficult for the body to return to a normal level of stress hormone activity, which can contribute to immune reproductive a constant state of stress can also increase a person’s risk of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease.
Some people try to reduce stress by drinking alcohol or eating too much. These actions may seem to help in the moment, but actually may add to stress in the long run. Caffeine also can compound the effects of stress. While consuming a healthy, balanced diet can help combat stress.