Rhinophyma involves an increase in sebaceous, or oil, glands and underlying connective tissues in the face. According to , the exact cause is still unclear, and several factors may play a role. These include a combination of conditions that affect the immune system, nerves, and blood vessels. The precursor to rhinophyma is acne rosacea, a long-term skin condition that is more common in females. A subset of people with acne rosacea later develops rhinophyma. Rhinophyma occurs more often in males, at a ratio ranging from and it typically develops in people aged 50–70. Due to the higher prevalence in males, scientists suspect that male hormones increase the risk.

The exact cause of rhinophyma is not well understood, but it is believed to be a complication of rosacea, a chronic skin condition that affects the face. Rosacea causes inflammation and redness on the face, especially on the cheeks, nose, chin, and forehead. In some people, the condition can progress to rhinophyma, which is characterized by the thickening of the skin on the nose and an increase in the number and size of sebaceous glands. There are some risk factors that have been associated with the development of rhinophyma, including:.

IS RHINOPHYMA RELATED TO ALCOHOL ABUSE?

Rhinophyma is a condition of the nose, predominantly in the thicker skin at the tip, that manifests as an obvious enlargement – which is sometimes dramatic. The exact etiology of rhinophyma is incompletely understood, but it seems to be related to acne rosacea, occurs almost exclusively in men, and is more frequent in heavy alcohol drinkers. Acne rosacea (also called “rosacea”) is a skin condition that is different from acne vulgaris (adolescent or pubertal acne, which manifests as comedones and cysts). This condition results in a significant increase in the number of tiny blood vessels in the skin surface, with a noticeable redness or flushed appearance over time.

The two are associated but not the same. Rhinophyma often develops in people suffering from chronic rosacea that has progressed to a severe form. What causes rosacea? there is no known direct cause of rosacea or rhinophyma. They were thought to have been caused by alcohol abuse in the past. Terms such as ‘drinker’s nose’ were commonplace. There is no firm evidence of this. However, alcohol ingestion can often cause flushed skin at the time of use, which may trigger the onset of a rosacea condition. There is evidence of a genetic predisposition to rosacea, with families showing a history of the disease.

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Rhinophyma is the most prevalent presentation of the phymatous subtype of rosacea. Rosacea subtypes include erythematotelangiectatic type (type 1), papulopustular rosacea (type 2), phymatous rosacea (type 3) and ocular rosacea (type 4). [ 1 ] phymatous rosacea is characterized early by prominent follicular pores or patulous follicles with mild swelling while advanced disease reveals pronounced hyperemic skin thickening, irregular surface nodularities representing sebaceous gland hypertrophy and eventual distortion of the nasal surface architecture. [ 2 ] it typically occurs on the nose as a bulbous irregular growth with dilated pores and background telangiectasia. Occasionally very advanced disease may lead to nasal obstruction and sleep apnea.